Thursday, May 8, 2014

Those hormones that plants have


  1. Auxin - a class of plant hormone essential for plant body development 
    1. Here are the functions of the auxin hormone, which I found here
      1. Stimulates cell elongation 
      2. Stimulates cell division in the cambium and, in combination with cytokinins in tissue culture 
      3. Stimulates differentiation of phloem and xylem 
      4. Stimulates root initiation on stem cuttings and lateral root development in tissue culture 
      5. Mediates the tropistic response of bending in response to gravity and light 
      6. The auxin supply from the apical bud suppresses growth of lateral buds 
      7. Delays leaf senescence 
      8. Can inhibit or promote (via ethylene stimulation) leaf and fruit abscission 
      9. Can induce fruit setting and growth in some plants 
      10. Involved in assimilate movement toward auxin possibly by an effect on phloem transport 
      11. Delays fruit ripening 
      12. Promotes flowering in Bromeliads 
      13. Stimulates growth of flower parts 
      14. Promotes (via ethylene production) femaleness in dioecious flowers 
      15. http://plantcellbiology.masters.grkraj.org/html/Plant_Growth_And_Development3-Plant_Hormones-Auxins.htm
      16. Stimulates the production of ethylene at high concentrations
  2. Abscisic Acid - a plant hormone that functions in many plant developmental processes, including bud dormancy. It is a single compound, unlike auxins. 
    1. Here are the functions of the abscisic acid hormone, which I found here
      1. Stimulates the closure of stomata (water stress brings about an increase in ABA synthesis). 
      2. Inhibits shoot growth but will not have as much affect on roots or may even promote growth of roots. 
      3. Induces seeds to synthesize storage proteins. 
      4. Inhibits the affect of gibberellins on stimulating de novo synthesis of a-amylase. 
      5. Has some effect on induction and maintanance of dormancy. 
      6. http://wildflowerfinder.org.uk/Flowers/C/Cress(Thale)/Cress(Thale).htm
      7. Induces gene transcription especially for proteinase inhibitors in response to wounding which may explain an apparent role in pathogen defense. 
  3. Ethylene - an important natural plant hormone, used in agriculture to force the ripening of fruits. Unlike other plant hormones, it is a gaseous hormone.
    1. Here are the functions of the ethylene hormone, which I found here
      1. Stimulates the release of dormancy. 
      2. Stimulates shoot and root growth and differentiation (triple response) 
      3. May have a role in adventitious root formation. 
      4. Stimulates leaf and fruit abscission. 
      5. Stimulates Bromiliad flower induction. 
      6. Induction of femaleness in dioecious flowers. 
      7. Stimulates flower opening. 
      8. Stimulates flower and leaf senescence. 
      9. Stimulates fruit ripening.
http://www.pnas.org/content/103/20.cover-expansion

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